What is the normal range of cardiac output for an adult?

The normal range of cardiac output for an adult is typically between 4 to 8 liters per minute. This parameter represents the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute, which is crucial for maintaining adequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery throughout the body. Factors influencing cardiac output include heart rate and stroke volume, both of which are vital for considering an individual's cardiovascular performance.

Values below 4 liters per minute may indicate impaired cardiac function or health issues, while values exceeding 8 liters per minute could suggest conditions like hyperdynamic states or increased metabolic demands. Understanding this range is essential in clinical settings, as it helps healthcare professionals assess patient status and make informed decisions regarding treatment and interventions in various scenarios.