What type of surgery is typically indicated for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis?

Carotid endarterectomy is the surgical procedure indicated for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. This condition arises when there is a narrowing of the carotid arteries, which supply blood to the brain. Symptoms may include transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or strokes due to reduced blood flow.

The purpose of carotid endarterectomy is to remove the plaque buildup in the artery, which alleviates the blockage and reduces the risk of stroke. This procedure is particularly beneficial for patients who have already experienced symptoms, as it can significantly decrease the likelihood of future cerebrovascular events.

In contrast, aneurysm repair focuses on correcting abnormal bulging in blood vessels and is not related to stenosis. Angioplasty, while it is a method to open narrowed arteries, is less commonly performed on the carotid arteries compared to endarterectomy, especially in cases where symptoms are present. Bypass surgery, often used for coronary artery disease or peripheral vascular issues, would not be the first-line approach for carotid artery stenosis when symptomatic management is needed.