Which type of laser is commonly used to destroy the lens capsule during cataract surgery?

The Nd:YAG laser, often referred to specifically as YAG laser in the context of cataract surgery, is commonly employed for the procedure to destroy the lens capsule. This laser type is particularly valued for its ability to penetrate through the lens capsule without affecting the surrounding tissues. During cataract surgery, particularly in cases where patients develop posterior capsule opacification, the Nd:YAG laser efficiently creates an opening in the cloudy capsule, allowing light to pass through unobstructed and restoring vision.

Its use is distinguished from other laser types, such as the excimer laser, which is primarily used for reshaping the cornea in refractive surgeries, and the argon laser, which is generally used for retinal and other ocular procedures but not for lens capsule work. Coherent lasers, while a broad category, do not specifically target the application involved in cataract surgery in the same effective manner as the Nd:YAG. The Nd:YAG laser's specific characteristics, including a wavelength that is well-absorbed by the target tissue, make it the optimal choice for this procedure.